MOTHER BOARD

THE MOTHER BOARD

FUNDAMENTALS OF MOTHER BOARD

A motherboard is a multi-layered printed circuit board which holds electronic components and interconnects physical connectors (sockets, slots, and headers) into which other computer components may be inserted or attached. Most motherboards include, at a minimum:

• Processor sockets (or slots) in which one or more microprocessors (CPUs) are installed

• Memory slots into which the system's main memory is installed (typically in the form of DIMM modules containing DRAM chips)

• A chipset which forms an interface between the CPU's front-side bus, main memory, and peripheral buses .generally chipset is the combination of Northbridge, Southbridge and I/O controller chip. All three IC’s in combine is known as chipsets.

• A clock generator which produces the system clock signal to synchronize the various

components

• Slots for expansion cards (these interface to the system via the buses supported by the chipset)

• Power connectors and circuits, which receive electrical power from the computer power supply and distribute it to the CPU, chipset, main memory, and expansion cards

• Various Ports and connectors like IDE,SATA,USB,FDD ,COM PORT, rear panel connectors , Keyboard Connector , On board Disk Drive Connectors , Peripheral Port Connectors etc

• BIOS chip

• CMOS battery

• Jumpers & DIP switches

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARDS

There are two major types of motherboards; integrated and nonintegrated

Nonintegrated Motherboards

Nonintegrated motherboards have each major assembly installed in the computer as expansion cards. The major assemblies may be items like the video circuitry, disk controllers, and accessories. Nonintegrated boards can be easily identified because each expansion slot is usually occupied by one of the components, just mentioned.

Integrated Motherboards

Integrated motherboards are called that because most of the component that would otherwise be installed as expansion cards is integrated into the motherboard circuitry. Integrated system boards were designed for their simplicity.

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