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Novell netware & window NT

INTRODUCTION OF VARIOUS NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEMS AND THEIR SPECIAL FEATURES 

    Proper support of a local area network requires hardware, software, and miscellaneous support devices .A network operating system is the most important software component. Application programs 
are also required to support users on a LAN. Support devices such as hubs, switches, routers, servers,modems, power supplies and more are also necessary other than operating system. 

    An operating system manages all applications and resources in a computer. 
    A multitasking operating system supports the execution of multiple processes at one time. 
    A network operating system is a large, complex program that manages the resources common on most local area networks .Besides performing standard operating system functions, a network operating system is called upon for additional functions, such as … 

a) Maintain a file system of data sets , application ,user profiles ,network peripherals etc 
b) Coordinates all available resources and services 
c) Process request from users 
d) Prompt users for network login ,validate accounts ,apply restrictions ,perform accounting functions 
e) Manage one or more printers 
f) Manage the interconnection between local area networks 
g) Manage locally connected users 
h) Manage remotely connected users 
i) Support system security 
j) Support Clint server function 
k) Support web page development and web server operation 
l) Manages any other role assigned for network 

Several popular network operating systems currently exist: 
• Novell NetWare versions 3, 4, 5 and 6 
• Windows NT and 2000/2003/2008 
• Unix 
• Linux 
• Mac OS/X? 

1. NOVELL NETWARE 
A local-area network (LAN) operating system developed by Novell Corporation. NetWare is a software product that runs on a variety of different types of LANs, from Ethernets to IBM token-ring networks. Novell NetWare is a Novell network operating system (NOS) that provides transparent remote file access and numerous other distributed network services, including printer sharing and support for various applications, such as electronic mail transfer and database access 

    The Netware was initially released in 1983 and is by default is a command line based software. NetWare has been superseded by Open Enterprise Server (OES). The latest version of NetWare is v6.5 
Support Pack 7, which is identical to OES 2. Novell Open Enterprise Server (OES) is the successor product to Novell, Inc.'s NetWare operating system, and is a NOS, or network operating system. Originally released in March 2005, the current release is OES 2.

2. WINDOWS NT 
    Windows NT - Windows NT is an multi-tasking, User interface based operating system capable of supporting multiple server operating system and is created and marketed by Microsoft Corporation. It was designed for use both as a server platform and an application environment. NT is available in two favours: Windows NT Server and Windows NT Workstation. As the names indicate, NT Server is oriented toward acting as a file server, print server, or database server; NT Workstation is dedicated to running applications in a stable 32-bit environment and could be viewed as a step up from the Windows 95 operating system. Incidentally, NT is an acronym for 'new technology'. 

     The first version of this OS was released in July 1993. It was originally designed to be a powerful high-level-language-based, processor-independent, multiprocessing, multiuser operating system with features comparable to Unix. The NT Server is probably the second most installed network server operating system after Novell's NetWare operating system. Microsoft claims that its NT servers are beginning to replace both NetWare and the various Unix-based systems such as those of Sun Microsystems and Hewlett-Packard. NT Server 5.0. essentially became what was renamed Windows 2000. Notable features of the Windows 2000 products which were not available in other versions of NT prior to 2000 is as follows 
 
• A fully-customizable administrative console that can be based on tasks rather than files, applications, or users 
• A new file directory approach called Active Directory that lets the administrator and other users view every file and application in the network from a single point-of-view. 
• Dynamic Domain Name Server (DNS), which replicates changes in the network using the Active Directory Services, the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), and the Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) whenever a client is reconfigured. 
• The ability to create, extend, or mirror a disk volume without having to shut down the 
system and to back up data to a variety of magnetic and optical storage media. 
• A Distributed File System (DFS) that lets users see a distributed set of files in a single file structure across departments, divisions, or an entire enterprise. 
• Recommended size limitation of 1 million objects per domain, but lab tests have hit 10 million objects without failure 
• The domain has basically remained the same, but now you can have parent and child domains 
• As in NT, We can create Trusts between parent and child domains. Only with 2000 the trust can be transitive 

    The further versions of Window 2000 are Window Server 2003 and Window Server 2008 which are just advanced versions of Window 2000.



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