AMR AND CNR

AMR AND CNR

Some newer motherboards feature a special connector called an Audio Modem Riser (AMR) or a Communication and Networking Riser (CNR). These are dedicated connectors for cards that are

specific to the motherboard design to offer communications and networking options. They are not designed to be general-purpose bus interfaces, and few cards for these connectors are offered on the open market. Usually, they’re offered only as an option with a given motherboard.

Audio Modem Riser

Audio Modem Riser (AMR) is a specification developed by Intel for packaging the analog I/O audio functions of modem circuitry together with a CODEC chip (which converts back and forth from analog to digital) on asmall board that plugs directly into a computer's motherboard. The small board is called a riser because it rises above the motherboard rather than laying flatly on it. Having this circuitry on a riser means that it doesn't have to be part of the motherboard itself. Because getting certification for the manufacture of a new motherboard design is a lengthy process, removing this function from the motherboard provides more flexibility for manufacturers and allows advances in audio modem design to be implemented more easily. Another specification, MDC (Mobile Daughter Card) is the equivalent of AMR but for use in mobile computers.

Communication and Networking Riser

Communication and Networking Riser (CNR), which was developed by Intel, is an open industry standard for a scalable riser card, which is a hardware device that plugs into a motherboard and holds chips for functions like modems and audio devices. The CNR architecture and electrical, mechanical, and thermal requirements of the riser interface are defined in the specification. The specification was developed for products used to implement low-cost local area network (LAN), modem, and audio subsystems and supports broadband, multi-channel audio, V.90 analog modem, and Ethernet-based networking, and can be expanded upon to meet the requirements of developing technologies, such as DSL. In addition to cost benefits, CNR has the capacity to minimize electrical noise interference, through physical separation of noise-sensitive elements from the motherboards’ own communication systems.

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